Excavating scoop



1,476,121 G. E. WAGNER ET AL EXCAVATI NG SCOOP Filed 00tl7 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 4

INVENTORJ;

ATTORNEY Dec. 4 1923.

G. E. WAGNER ET AL EXCAVATING SCOOP Filed Oct. 17, 1919 '3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORzS,

ATTORNEY Dec. 4 1923. 1 1,476,121

G. WAGNER E T'AL EXQAVATING SCOOP Filed 001,- 17 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 4, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFF IC E,

GEORGE E. WAGNER, EoBEE'r REX DOWNIE, AND ROBERT M. DQWNIE, or BEAVER FALLS, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO KEYSTONE DRILLEB, COMPANY, OF BEAVER FALLS, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

EXCAVATING SCOOP.

Application filed October 17, 1919. Serial No."331,26 8.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, GEoRGE E. l/VAGNER, ROBERT R. DoWNiE, and ROBERT M. DowNiE, citizens of the United States, residing at Beaver Falls, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a 'new and useful Excavating Scoop, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to excavating scoops. and its object is to provide an'excavator or ditcher scoop capable of digging narrow or wide trenches and by means of which the excavated material may be deposited in containers of low altitude.

In accordance with the-invention, which is assumed to be attached to a suitable ex cavating machine, there is provided a swinging boom carrying at its outer end a structure, which may be tei'mned a ditcher stick in. normally pendant relation to the boom although capable of being moved into other relations thereto, and this stick carries a ditchei' scoop pivotally hung on the ditcher stick to rock on a substantially horizontal axis, which axis is located at approximately the center of gravity of the scoop.

Withsuch a boom and scoop and appropriate rigging dirt may be excavated'tor various purposes and deposited in carts or other containers with great facility. The ditching s'oop is of a character whereby the scoop is caused to actively travel toward the. machine either in the line of travel of the. machine as a whole or transversely thereof, and when the-scoop is full it is lifted, month end upwardly, from the excavation being formed, and then by swinging the boom in a suitable direction the scoop is brought'over the container and released, whereupon the load, then overbalancing the scoop, causes the latter to invert so that the mouth end is downward and the load will naturally gravitate from the scoop into the container. The invention will best be understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, with the understand ing. however, that the invention is not confined to any strict conformity with the showing of the drawings but may be changed and modified so long as such changes and modifications make no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

In the draWings,'--

Figure 1 is a front elevation, with some parts more or less diagrammatically shown, of an eXc-avatiii r machine with thehooni and scoop associate and illustrating in full and dotted lines certain positions of the parts.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the boom and scoop and some associated parts, with the scoop raised above the ground level;

Figure 8 is a vertical section through the scoop, and the ditcher stick, the drawing being on a larger scale than the preceding figures. I

Figure 4 is anelevation of the structure shown in Fig. 3 and viwed from the right hand side of Fig. 3.

I Figure 5183 section on the line 5-5 of I ig. 2. I

eferring to the drawings, there is shown an exci'ivating machine A which may be of known form and mounted upon wheels 1 for facilitating transportation from place to place. A colum 2, shown in Figs'l' and 2, may be taken as illustrative of the forward end of the machine and supporting by means of vertically aligned piv0ts8 and brackets 4, 5, a column or mast 6 in which are mounted sheaves '7, 8. The column '6 by the bracket 5' at the lower end thereof carries.

one end of a boom 9, which latter may be made of channel formation, but the particu-. lar construction of the boom is not necessary to an understanding of the invention, and.

over a single -ditclier stick, in that, being considerably wider than the singlestick, it has a long bearing, thus preventing thestick from twisting or buckling over to one side. The give of a single ditclier stick under side strains prevents the'cutting ota truly pjerpendicular trench and, therefore, tending tov undercut the sides oftheditch and possibly make them cave. At the other end the side bars 12 carry a shaft or spindle 15 on which is mounted a sheave 16. To stiffen the ditcher stick, cross members 17 may be employed. The boom 9 is connected to the side bars 12 near the'sheave 16 by a shaft or spindle 18 traversing the plates 16 and thereby constituting a pivot connection between the boom and stick. At that end of the stick 11 remote from the sheave 16 the side bars 12 carry trunnions 19 journaled in straps 20 fast to the side walls of a shell 21 of a scoop B. The straps 20 are riveted or otherwise secured to the side walls of the scoop. These straps receive the trunnions 19 in an axis approximating the center of gravity of the scoop crosswise. of the latter. The scoop has a bottom plate 22 and a top plate 23, which latter constitutes a continuation of the bottom plate and is cut away or slotted as shown at 24 and is there traversed by the side bars 12 of the ditcher stick. The

slots 24 permit rocking of the ditcher scoop about the axis of-the' trunnions 19 through an arc approximating 90, whereby the scoop at one limit of its travel about its axial support has its bottom approximating the horizontal, and at the other limit of its movement the scoop is approximately upright with the bottom 22 substantially vertical, The axis of the trunnions 19 is well back in thescoop andat a considerable distance from the front or open end of the scoop so that when the scoop is filled with dirt, with the bottom horizontal, the scoop is overbalanced by the load toward the month end.

The scoop, which is usually made of sheet metal. of suitable gage, may be stiffened by an 'les 25 wherever deemed necessary.

it the mouth end of the bottom 22 of the scoopther'e is provided a plate 26 constituting a lip plate for the month end of the scoop, and this lip plate and month end ofthe scoop are armed by suitable teeth 27 facilitating the digging actionof the scoop. Furthermore, the side plates of the scoop at the mouth end are provided with trimming teeth 28 so that the scoopmay be employed to dig a trench as wide as the scoop, or to widen such a trench by a repetition of the digging action with the dirt of the side walls of the formed trench attacked by the trimming teeth 28.

On oppositesides of the scoop are beveled latch plates 29, and each. side bar 12 is pro- '35 journaled on. and extending between the two side bars 12 in relatively close relation to the ditcher scoop. Fast to the rock shaft 35 is a latch lever 36, to the end of which, remote from the shaft 35, there is attached a trip line 37 continued to some convenientpoint of manipulation, say upon the body of the machine A.

The lever 36 is constrained in the direction to hold the lock pin 30 in engagement with the latch plate 29 by a retractile spring 38 carried by a slidable bolt 39 mounted on one of the sidebars 12.

Each side plate 21 at the mouth end of the scoop or bucket is provided with an anchor plate 40, the two anchor plates having pivoted thereto the leg ends ofa bail 41 to which there is attached a clevis 42 receiving one end of a pulling line 43 carried over a sheave 44 on the boom 9 and under the sheave 8 and then over another sheave 45 to an appropriate part of the machinery mounted on the excavating machine A, but requiring no special discription.

The sheave 16 is engaged by a line 46 which, in the particular showing of the drawings, is connected at one end to one end of a link '47, the other end of which link is pivotally connected to the upright 3 so as to turn in the axis of the upright 3 and of the boom 9. The other end of the line 46 is carried about the sheave 7 and thence about the sheave 45 or a companion sheave to the operating machinery on the excavator A.

In order to steady the excavating machine it is provided with bracing jacks or outriggers 48, permitting the boom 9, and parts carried thereby, to be swung to one side of the line of travel of the excavating machine or in line with such line of travel.v

If it be assumed that the excavation is to be such as a cellar excavation or the like, the excavating machine is properly located and the bi'acing jacks are placed, whereupon the boom is so located as to extend to one side of the excavating machine to position the excavating scoop over that part of the proposed cellar-way distant from the excavating machine, the boom being raised and the ditcher stick projecting outwardly from the boom,-say to as near'a horizontal line as the structure ,will admit. ground be hard or if for some other reason considerable force must be used in order to start the excavation, the parts are so adjusted that the scoop itself while latched to the ditcher stick is in substantially pendant relation to its axis 19. If, now, the boom.-

be swung about its pivotal axis of connection with the block 5 it will approach the If the ground similarly to a pick or hoe. This is accomplished by a suitable manipulation of the line or cable 46, and the ground is attacked in much the same manner as it is by means of a pick in the hands of a workman. Such action will cause the scoop .to force its way into the ground until the hard to pan is broken up and the scoop 1s enab ed to enter the softer dirt below.

. left hand side thereof.

' jerk upon the rope.

To continue the excavation, the pulling line 43 is manipulated and the elevating line 46 is slacked, thus permitting the ditching scoop to be dragged into the ground and toward the ditching machine, until finally an excavation similar to that shown at the left hand side of Fig. 1 is produced.- From time to time it is necessary to move the scoop with thedisturbed dirt lodged therein and deposit the excavated dirt in a receptacle such as a cart, indicated in dotted lines 49 at the right hand side of Fig. 1. In moving the scoop toward the excavating machine by means of the pulling line 43, the toothed or digging end of the scoop is drawn toward an upright position, thus holding the gathered dirt in the scoop. When the boom is sufficiently elevated with the load therein, the boom is swung toward the cart 49 until over it, the boom being lifted sufiiciently for the purpose. Ultimately the trip line 37 is manipulated, thus releasing the scoop from its latched position with respect to the ditcher stick 11, where-.

upon the weigh-t of the dirt andthe scoop will over-balance it and the scoop will turn to a pendant dumping position, shown in dotted lines at the right hand-side of Fig. 1, thereby most effectively discharging the load without necessitating so great an elevation as hascustomarily been the case, or limiting the structure to the employment of container of low elevation.

Unless the scoop attains a substantiallyperpendicular position in dumping, soft material will build up in the corners of the scoop and so fail to dump clean. By hinging the scoop at its extreme end to the ditcher stick, the weight of the scoop, which may be from 500 to 600 pounds and the weight of the load, which may reach 2000 to 2500 pounds, is carried by the spring latch or trigger, making such an arrangement very hard to release by a hand tug rope, such release often times requirin a second or third This trouble maybe overcome by centrally pivoting the scoop, that is, at or substantially at its center of gravity, whereby the weight upon the latching device is insignificant. This is important, as for instance, when the scoop is rapidly swung over.-a comparatively small car or truck to dump the scoop. The operator desires to dump the scoop as the latter is over the car and moving. Should the trigger fail to respond to the operators pull on the tug line, the contents of the scoop will then miss the car and the load of the scoop will spill.

' -By hanging the scoop at aboutits center of gravityjit need not be lifted as high by two or three feet as heretofore, in order to dump into the receptacle at'a given height. Such a scoop hung centrally or approximately so, will automatically return to-the. position for dumping.

The scoop of the invention has the lifting sheave journalled directly in the top end of the bifurcated ditcher stick," thus contributing materially to the steadiness of the struc-' ture. 1 i

What isclaimed is:

1. In an excavating machine, a swinging boom mounted for sidewise and u and down movements, a pivoted scoop having an axis of movement at approximately thecenter of gravity of the scoop, said scoop hav ing one end open to constitute the mouth of the scoop and the other end closed and a suspension stick for the scoop carried near one: end by the boom and at the other end carrying the scoop at'approximatelyv the center of gravity of the latter, the closed end of the scoop being curved on the axis of said center. 2. In an excavating machine, a:swinging boom mounted for up and down movements, a pivoted scoop having an axis of movement; at approximately the center of gravity off the scoop, the end of the scoop remote from scoop carried near one end by the outer end 7 of the boom and capable of swinging in a plane lengthwise of and beyond the boom and forming a continuation ofthe latter,

-its axis to the-lower end of the stick, an

means for pivotally mounting the scoop o5 latching means carried by the stick an engaging the scoopto hold the latter from movement on its axis. I

3. In an excavating machine, a swinging boom mounted for up and down movements, a pivoted scoop having an axis of movement at approximately the center of gravity of the scoop, the end of the scoop remote from the mouth being curved on the axis of the approximate center of gravity of the scoop, the mouth of the scoop facing toward the machine, a swinging suspension stick forthe scoop carried near one end by the outer end of the boom and capable of swinging in a' plane lengthwise of and beyond the boom and forming a continuation of. the latter,

scoop for drawin the latter inwardly toward the machine when titling the scoop.

c. In an excavating machine. a pivoted boom mounted to move up and down, a

swinging suspension stick for the scoopprvotally connected to the outer end of the boom and extended above and below the latter, said stick being ca )able of swinging in a. plane lengthwise of and beyond the tilt the same, and a line connected to the upper end of the extended upper end of the stick, said line serving both as a hoisting line for elevating the boom and stick and for moving the stick carrying the scoop outwardly, said hoisting and hanlinglines being co-ordinated in operation to presentthe open end of the scoop facing the ground and to draw the. scoop toward the machine for filling the same.

In an excavating machine, a pivoted boom mounted to move up and down, -a swinging suspension stick carried near one end by the boom and capable of swinging in a plane lengthwise of the boom, so as to be extended beyond the boom in a substantially horizontal position, a centrally pivoted scoop carried by the end of the stick remote from the boom. said scoop having its open end facing inwardly toward the machine when loading and facing d wardly toward the ground when the st ick. ended outwardly. said stick having a shca c at tlic end remote from the scoop. and a line extending about the sheavc for causing swinging movements of the stick with relation to the boom and also for raising and lowering the boom, the scoop being also provided with a hauling line connected to'theiopen end of the scoop.

(3. In an excavating machine. a swinging boom mountcd for up and down movements, a ditcher stick pivoted to the outer end of the boom and ext ending above and below the same, means for mounting a sheave to the stick. a hoisting line passed about the sheave for raising and lowering the boom and stick. and also for moving the stick outwardly lengthwise of the boom. said stick being movable to a substantially horizontal. position beyond the boom, a scoop mounted at the lower end of the stick and having its open end facing the machine when in loading position. said open end carrying digging teeth and facing downwardly toward the ground when the stick is in its extended position, and a hauling line connected same, a hoisting line connected to the top of the ditcher stick for raising andelowe-rmg to the open end of the scoop for drawing it towardthe machine to fill the same, whereby thc coaction of the hoisting and hauling lines causes excavating movements of the scoop and its elevation and lowering.

T. In an excavating machine, a swinging boom mounted for up-and-down movements, a ditcher stick pivoted to the outer end of the boom and extending aboveand below the' the boom and stick and also for moving the stick outwardly lengthwise of the boom, said stick being movable to an extended position beyond the boom. a scoop mounted at the lower end of the stick and having its open end facing the machine, when in loading position, said open end carrying digging teeth and facing downwardly toward. the ground when the stick is'in' its extended position, and a hauling line connected to the open end of the scoop for drawing it toward the machine to till the same. whereby the coaction ofthe hoisting and hauling lines causes excavating movements of the scoop and its elevation and lowering.

8. An excavator provided with a boom mounted for oscillation about'an upright axis and for rising and falling movements, a ditcher stick pivoted to the boom to rock toward and from the boom lengthwise of the latter, and a scoop pivoted to the stick at the end of the latter remote from the boom and movable. about its pivotal axis in a plane lengthwise of the boom, the stick having means for actuating it and the end of the scoop toward the pivoted end of the boom having means for actuating it, whereby the co-act'ion of the two actuating means causes excavating movements of the scoop and the elevation and lowering of the scoop, the stick and scoop having co-acting latch means for securing them in fixed relation to each other, and manipulating means whereby thescoop may be unlatched from the stick.

9. in an excavating machine, the combination with a pivoted boom, a ditchcr stick pivoted at a point between its ends to the outer end of the boom and formed of a pair of side bars rigidly connected togcthciya sheave mounted at and between the upper ends of the side bars, and a scoop pivotally connected to andbetwcen the lower ends of the side bars. e

10. In an excavating machine. the combination with a pivoted boom, of a ditcher stick composed of a pair of side bars rigidly connected together, a sheave mounted between and connected to the upper ends of the side bars. means for pivotally connecting the side bars of the ditcher stick below the sheave to the end of the boom, said side bars diverging outwardly at the bottom, a scoop pivotally connected to and between the lower ends of the ditcher stick, and latching mechanism for holding the scoop from pivotal (litchcr stick, a sheave on the ditcher stick,-

a pivoted scoop having its axis of pivoting substant ally coinc dent with the center of latching means for the scoop.

12. In an excavating machine, a revoluble column, a pivoted boom connected to the column to move therewith and having sidewise and up and down movements, aditcher stick pivotally connected to the outer end of the boom and extended above and below the same. a scoop having side walls, an end wall, a bottom wall and an open end, the latter having digging teeth and facing toward the machine when the scoop is in filling position, means connecting the stick to the scoop in such a position that when the scoop is loaded the "center-of the weight thereof is in axial alinement' with the ditcher stick,

a hoisting line connected at one end to the machine and passed about a sheave connected to the upper end of the ditcher stick and then leading back to the machine, said line being operable for raising and lowering the/boom and stick and for moving the stick outwardlv lengthwise of the boom. said stick being, movable to a substantially horizontal position beyond the boom. in which position the scoop hangs pendently from the end of the stick with its open end facing downwardly towardthe ground, a hauling line connected to the open end of the scoop, then passed about a sheave mounted on the boom, and also leading back to the machine, said hoisting and hauling lines being coordinated. in operation to present the open end'of the scoop in a substantially perpendicular-position with relation to the ground and todraw the scoop toward the machine to r filling the same.

13.1In an excavating machine, the com-- bination with a ditcher stick formed of two connected side bars, a scoop pivoted. to the ditche'r stick and provided at opposite sides with latch plates, lock pins mounted on the ditcher stick and adapted to move into and out of the 'path of the latch plates, a rock shat t journaled on the ditcher stick and having a rock arm engageable with the lock.

pins, a latch lever mounted on the rock shaft, a spring for holding the lock pins into engagement withthe latch plates, and

means connected with the latch lever for operatmgthe same. gravity of the scoop, and a spring-controlled t 14. In an excavating machine, the combination with a ditcher stick composed of two islde arms connected together in rigid rela tion. a scoop. means for pivotally connecting the lower ends of the side arms to the outer sides of the scoop at a point between the top and bottom and front and rear of the scoop, latching mechanism carried in part by the ditcher stick and in part by the scoop, said latching mechanism including a latch plate on the top of the scoop, av lock pin mounted on the ditcher stick andengaging the latch and a latch for'holding the scoop tempo rarily in fixed relation to the ditcher stick, whereby the ditcher stick may be held in a substantially horizontal position with the digging end of the scoop substantially perpendicular to the ground'and to the ditcher stick and with the scoop held-in said rela- 7 tion to the ditcher stick by the latch.

In testimony, that we claim the foregoing as our own, we have hereto afiixed our signatures.

GEORGE E. WAGNER. ROBERT REX DOWNIE. ROBERT'M. DOWNIE.

Witnesses to the signatures of GEORGE E.

WAGNER and ROBERT M. DoWNIE:

M. H. WARRICK, WM. T. BOREN. Witnesses to the signature of ROBERT Rex DoWNrE:

PAUL 'W. .JENGKES, AUN'ER N. Wmoox. 

